.\" -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- .\" Copyright (c) 1993 by Thomas Koenig (ig25@rz.uni-karlsruhe.de) .\" and Copyright 2014 Michael Kerrisk .\" .\" %%%LICENSE_START(VERBATIM) .\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this .\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are .\" preserved on all copies. .\" .\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this .\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the .\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a .\" permission notice identical to this one. .\" .\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this .\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no .\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from .\" the use of the information contained herein. The author(s) may not .\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual, .\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working .\" professionally. .\" .\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by .\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work. .\" %%%LICENSE_END .\" .\" Modified Sat Jul 24 17:45:39 1993 by Rik Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu) .\" Modified 2000-02-13 by Nicolás Lichtmaier .\"******************************************************************* .\" .\" This file was generated with po4a. Translate the source file. .\" .\"******************************************************************* .TH TOUPPER 3 "15 Septiembre 2017" GNU "Manual del Programador de Linux" .SH NOMBRE toupper, tolower, toupper_l, tolower_l \- convert uppercase or lowercase .SH SINOPSIS .nf \fB#include \fP .PP \fBint toupper(int \fP\fIc\fP\fB);\fP \fBint tolower(int \fP\fIc\fP\fB);\fP .PP \fBint toupper_l(int \fP\fIc\fP\fB, locale_t \fP\fIlocale\fP\fB);\fP \fBint tolower_l(int \fP\fIc\fP\fB, locale_t \fP\fIlocale\fP\fB);\fP .fi .PP .RS -4 Requisitos de Macros de Prueba de Características para glibc (véase \fBfeature_test_macros\fP(7)): .RE .PP \fBtoupper_l\fP(), \fBtolower_l\fP(): .PD 0 .RS 4 .TP Desde glibc 2.10: _XOPEN_SOURCE\ >=\ 700 .TP Antes de glibc 2.10: _GNU_SOURCE .RE .PD .SH DESCRIPCIÓN These functions convert lowercase letters to uppercase, and vice versa. .PP If \fIc\fP is a lowercase letter, \fBtoupper\fP() returns its uppercase equivalent, if an uppercase representation exists in the current locale. Otherwise, it returns \fIc\fP. The \fBtoupper_l\fP() function performs the same task, but uses the locale referred to by the locale handle \fIlocale\fP. .PP If \fIc\fP is an uppercase letter, \fBtolower\fP() returns its lowercase equivalent, if a lowercase representation exists in the current locale. Otherwise, it returns \fIc\fP. The \fBtolower_l\fP() function performs the same task, but uses the locale referred to by the locale handle \fIlocale\fP. .PP If \fIc\fP is neither an \fIunsigned char\fP value nor \fBEOF\fP, the behavior of these functions is undefined. .PP The behavior of \fBtoupper_l\fP() and \fBtolower_l\fP() is undefined if \fIlocale\fP is the special locale object \fBLC_GLOBAL_LOCALE\fP (see \fBduplocale\fP(3)) or is not a valid locale object handle. .SH "VALOR DEVUELTO" El valor devuelto es la letra "convertida", o \fIc\fP si no se pudo realizar la conversión. .SH ATRIBUTOS Para obtener una explicación de los términos usados en esta sección, véase \fBattributes\fP(7). .TS allbox; lbw24 lb lb l l l. Interfaz Atributo Valor T{ \fBtoupper\fP(), \fBtolower\fP(), .br \fBtoupper_l\fP(), \fBtolower_l\fP() T} Seguridad del hilo Multi\-hilo seguro .TE .SH "CONFORME A" \fBtoupper\fP(), \fBtolower\fP(): C89, C99, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1\-2001, POSIX.1\-2008. .PP \fBtoupper_l\fP(), \fBtolower_l\fP(): POSIX.1\-2008. .SH NOTAS The standards require that the argument \fIc\fP for these functions is either \fBEOF\fP or a value that is representable in the type \fIunsigned char\fP. If the argument \fIc\fP is of type \fIchar\fP, it must be cast to \fIunsigned char\fP, as in the following example: .PP .in +4n .EX char c; \&... res = toupper((unsigned char) c); .EE .in .PP This is necessary because \fIchar\fP may be the equivalent \fIsigned char\fP, in which case a byte where the top bit is set would be sign extended when converting to \fIint\fP, yielding a value that is outside the range of \fIunsigned char\fP. .PP Hay que tener en cuenta que los detalles de qué es mayúscula o minúscula dependen de cada lengua. Por ejemplo, en la localización \fB"C"\fP por omisión no existe la letra "umlaut", por lo que no se le aplica conversión. .PP .\" FIXME One day the statement about "sharp s" needs to be reworked, .\" since there is nowadays a capital "sharp s" that has a codepoint .\" in Unicode 5.0; see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_%E1%BA%9E En algunas localizaciones no inglesas existen letras minúsculas que no tienen su correspondiente letra mayúscula; por ejemplo la s aguda alemana. .SH "VÉASE TAMBIÉN" \fBisalpha\fP(3), \fBnewlocale\fP(3), \fBsetlocale\fP(3), \fBtowlower\fP(3), \fBtowupper\fP(3), \fBuselocale\fP(3), \fBlocale\fP(7) .SH COLOFÓN Esta página es parte de la versión 5.10 del proyecto Linux \fIman\-pages\fP. Puede encontrar una descripción del proyecto, información sobre cómo informar errores y la última versión de esta página en \%https://www.kernel.org/doc/man\-pages/. .SH TRADUCCIÓN La traducción al español de esta página del manual fue creada por Miguel Pérez Ibars . Esta traducción es documentación libre; lea la .UR https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html GNU General Public License Version 3 .UE o posterior con respecto a las condiciones de copyright. No existe NINGUNA RESPONSABILIDAD. Si encuentra algún error en la traducción de esta página del manual, envíe un correo electrónico a .MT debian-l10n-spanish@lists.debian.org>. .ME .