Scroll to navigation

yt-dlp(1) yt-dlp(1)

NAME

yt-dlp - A youtube-dl fork with additional features and patches

SYNOPSIS

yt-dlp [OPTIONS] URL [URL...]

DESCRIPTION

yt-dlp is a youtube-dl (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl) fork based on the now inactive youtube-dlc (https://github.com/blackjack4494/yt-dlc). The main focus of this project is adding new features and patches while also keeping up to date with the original project

OPTIONS

General Options:

Print this help text and exit
Print program version and exit
Update this program to the latest version
Do not check for updates (default)
Upgrade/downgrade to a specific version. CHANNEL and TAG defaults to "stable" and "latest" respectively if omitted; See "UPDATE" for details. Supported channels: stable, nightly
Ignore download and postprocessing errors. The download will be considered successful even if the postprocessing fails
Continue with next video on download errors; e.g. to skip unavailable videos in a playlist (default)
Abort downloading of further videos if an error occurs (Alias: --no-ignore-errors)
Display the current user-agent and exit
List all supported extractors and exit
Output descriptions of all supported extractors and exit
Extractor names to use separated by commas. You can also use regexes, "all", "default" and "end" (end URL matching); e.g. --ies "holodex.*,end,youtube". Prefix the name with a "-" to exclude it, e.g. --ies default,-generic. Use --list-extractors for a list of extractor names. (Alias: --ies)
Use this prefix for unqualified URLs. E.g. "gvsearch2:python" downloads two videos from google videos for the search term "python". Use the value "auto" to let yt-dlp guess ("auto_warning" to emit a warning when guessing). "error" just throws an error. The default value "fixup_error" repairs broken URLs, but emits an error if this is not possible instead of searching
Don't load any more configuration files except those given by --config-locations. For backward compatibility, if this option is found inside the system configuration file, the user configuration is not loaded. (Alias: --no-config)
Do not load any custom configuration files (default). When given inside a configuration file, ignore all previous --config-locations defined in the current file
Location of the main configuration file; either the path to the config or its containing directory ("-" for stdin). Can be used multiple times and inside other configuration files
Do not extract the videos of a playlist, only list them
Extract the videos of a playlist
Download livestreams from the start. Currently only supported for YouTube (Experimental)
Download livestreams from the current time (default)
Wait for scheduled streams to become available. Pass the minimum number of seconds (or range) to wait between retries
Do not wait for scheduled streams (default)
Mark videos watched (even with --simulate)
Do not mark videos watched (default)
Do not emit color codes in output (Alias: --no-colours)
Options that can help keep compatibility with youtube-dl or youtube-dlc configurations by reverting some of the changes made in yt-dlp. See "Differences in default behavior" for details
Create aliases for an option string. Unless an alias starts with a dash "-", it is prefixed with "--". Arguments are parsed according to the Python string formatting mini-language. E.g. --alias get-audio,-X "-S=aext:{0},abr -x --audio-format {0}" creates options "--get-audio" and "-X" that takes an argument (ARG0) and expands to "-S=aext:ARG0,abr -x --audio-format ARG0". All defined aliases are listed in the --help output. Alias options can trigger more aliases; so be careful to avoid defining recursive options. As a safety measure, each alias may be triggered a maximum of 100 times. This option can be used multiple times

Network Options:

Use the specified HTTP/HTTPS/SOCKS proxy. To enable SOCKS proxy, specify a proper scheme, e.g. socks5://user:pass@127.0.0.1:1080/. Pass in an empty string (--proxy "") for direct connection
Time to wait before giving up, in seconds
Client-side IP address to bind to
-4, --force-ipv4
Make all connections via IPv4
-6, --force-ipv6
Make all connections via IPv6
Enable file:// URLs. This is disabled by default for security reasons.

Geo-restriction:

Use this proxy to verify the IP address for some geo-restricted sites. The default proxy specified by --proxy (or none, if the option is not present) is used for the actual downloading
Bypass geographic restriction via faking X-Forwarded-For HTTP header (default)
Do not bypass geographic restriction via faking X-Forwarded-For HTTP header
Force bypass geographic restriction with explicitly provided two-letter ISO 3166-2 country code
Force bypass geographic restriction with explicitly provided IP block in CIDR notation

Video Selection:

Comma separated playlist_index of the items to download. You can specify a range using "[START]:[STOP][:STEP]". For backward compatibility, START-STOP is also supported. Use negative indices to count from the right and negative STEP to download in reverse order. E.g. "-I 1:3,7,-5::2" used on a playlist of size 15 will download the items at index 1,2,3,7,11,13,15
Abort download if filesize is smaller than SIZE, e.g. 50k or 44.6M
Abort download if filesize is larger than SIZE, e.g. 50k or 44.6M
Download only videos uploaded on this date. The date can be "YYYYMMDD" or in the format [now|today|yesterday][-N[day|week|month|year]]. E.g. "--date today-2weeks" downloads only videos uploaded on the same day two weeks ago
Download only videos uploaded on or before this date. The date formats accepted is the same as --date
Download only videos uploaded on or after this date. The date formats accepted is the same as --date
Generic video filter. Any "OUTPUT TEMPLATE" field can be compared with a number or a string using the operators defined in "Filtering Formats". You can also simply specify a field to match if the field is present, use "!field" to check if the field is not present, and "&" to check multiple conditions. Use a "" to escape "&" or quotes if needed. If used multiple times, the filter matches if atleast one of the conditions are met. E.g. --match-filter !is_live --match-filter "like_count>?100 & description~='(?i)& dogs" matches only videos that are not live OR those that have a like count more than 100 (or the like field is not available) and also has a description that contains the phrase "cats & dogs" (caseless). Use "--match-filter -" to interactively ask whether to download each video
Do not use any --match-filter (default)
Same as "--match-filters" but stops the download process when a video is rejected
Do not use any --break-match-filters (default)
Download only the video, if the URL refers to a video and a playlist
Download the playlist, if the URL refers to a video and a playlist
Download only videos suitable for the given age
Download only videos not listed in the archive file. Record the IDs of all downloaded videos in it
Do not use archive file (default)
Abort after downloading NUMBER files
Stop the download process when encountering a file that is in the archive
Alters --max-downloads, --break-on-existing, --break-match-filter, and autonumber to reset per input URL
--break-on-existing and similar options terminates the entire download queue
Number of allowed failures until the rest of the playlist is skipped

Download Options:

Number of fragments of a dash/hlsnative video that should be downloaded concurrently (default is 1)
Maximum download rate in bytes per second, e.g. 50K or 4.2M
Minimum download rate in bytes per second below which throttling is assumed and the video data is re-extracted, e.g. 100K
Number of retries (default is 10), or "infinite"
Number of times to retry on file access error (default is 3), or "infinite"
Number of retries for a fragment (default is 10), or "infinite" (DASH, hlsnative and ISM)
Time to sleep between retries in seconds (optionally) prefixed by the type of retry (http (default), fragment, file_access, extractor) to apply the sleep to. EXPR can be a number, linear=START[:END[:STEP=1]] or exp=START[:END[:BASE=2]]. This option can be used multiple times to set the sleep for the different retry types, e.g. --retry-sleep linear=1::2 --retry-sleep fragment:exp=1:20
Skip unavailable fragments for DASH, hlsnative and ISM downloads (default) (Alias: --no-abort-on-unavailable-fragments)
Abort download if a fragment is unavailable (Alias: --no-skip-unavailable-fragments)
Keep downloaded fragments on disk after downloading is finished
Delete downloaded fragments after downloading is finished (default)
Size of download buffer, e.g. 1024 or 16K (default is 1024)
The buffer size is automatically resized from an initial value of --buffer-size (default)
Do not automatically adjust the buffer size
Size of a chunk for chunk-based HTTP downloading, e.g. 10485760 or 10M (default is disabled). May be useful for bypassing bandwidth throttling imposed by a webserver (experimental)
Download playlist videos in random order
Process entries in the playlist as they are received. This disables n_entries, --playlist-random and --playlist-reverse
Process videos in the playlist only after the entire playlist is parsed (default)
Set file xattribute ytdl.filesize with expected file size
Use the mpegts container for HLS videos; allowing some players to play the video while downloading, and reducing the chance of file corruption if download is interrupted. This is enabled by default for live streams
Do not use the mpegts container for HLS videos. This is default when not downloading live streams
Download only chapters whose title matches the given regular expression. Time ranges prefixed by a "" can also be used in place of chapters to download the specified range. Needs ffmpeg. This option can be used multiple times to download multiple sections, e.g. --download-sections "10:15-inf" --download-sections "intro"
Name or path of the external downloader to use (optionally) prefixed by the protocols (http, ftp, m3u8, dash, rstp, rtmp, mms) to use it for. Currently supports native, aria2c, avconv, axel, curl, ffmpeg, httpie, wget. You can use this option multiple times to set different downloaders for different protocols. E.g. --downloader aria2c --downloader "dash,m3u8:native" will use aria2c for http/ftp downloads, and the native downloader for dash/m3u8 downloads (Alias: --external-downloader)
Give these arguments to the external downloader. Specify the downloader name and the arguments separated by a colon ":". For ffmpeg, arguments can be passed to different positions using the same syntax as --postprocessor-args. You can use this option multiple times to give different arguments to different downloaders (Alias: --external-downloader-args)

Filesystem Options:

File containing URLs to download ("-" for stdin), one URL per line. Lines starting with "#", ";" or "]" are considered as comments and ignored
Do not read URLs from batch file (default)
The paths where the files should be downloaded. Specify the type of file and the path separated by a colon ":". All the same TYPES as --output are supported. Additionally, you can also provide "home" (default) and "temp" paths. All intermediary files are first downloaded to the temp path and then the final files are moved over to the home path after download is finished. This option is ignored if --output is an absolute path
Output filename template; see "OUTPUT TEMPLATE" for details
Placeholder for unavailable fields in "OUTPUT TEMPLATE" (default: "NA")
Restrict filenames to only ASCII characters, and avoid "&" and spaces in filenames
Allow Unicode characters, "&" and spaces in filenames (default)
Force filenames to be Windows-compatible
Make filenames Windows-compatible only if using Windows (default)
Limit the filename length (excluding extension) to the specified number of characters
Do not overwrite any files
Overwrite all video and metadata files. This option includes --no-continue
Do not overwrite the video, but overwrite related files (default)
Resume partially downloaded files/fragments (default)
Do not resume partially downloaded fragments. If the file is not fragmented, restart download of the entire file
Use .part files instead of writing directly into output file (default)
Do not use .part files - write directly into output file
Use the Last-modified header to set the file modification time (default)
Do not use the Last-modified header to set the file modification time
Write video description to a .description file
Do not write video description (default)
Write video metadata to a .info.json file (this may contain personal information)
Do not write video metadata (default)
Write playlist metadata in addition to the video metadata when using --write-info-json, --write-description etc. (default)
Do not write playlist metadata when using --write-info-json, --write-description etc.
Remove some private fields such as filenames from the infojson. Note that it could still contain some personal information (default)
Write all fields to the infojson
Retrieve video comments to be placed in the infojson. The comments are fetched even without this option if the extraction is known to be quick (Alias: --get-comments)
Do not retrieve video comments unless the extraction is known to be quick (Alias: --no-get-comments)
JSON file containing the video information (created with the "--write-info-json" option)
Netscape formatted file to read cookies from and dump cookie jar in
Do not read/dump cookies from/to file (default)
The name of the browser to load cookies from. Currently supported browsers are: brave, chrome, chromium, edge, firefox, opera, safari, vivaldi. Optionally, the KEYRING used for decrypting Chromium cookies on Linux, the name/path of the PROFILE to load cookies from, and the CONTAINER name (if Firefox) ("none" for no container) can be given with their respective seperators. By default, all containers of the most recently accessed profile are used. Currently supported keyrings are: basictext, gnomekeyring, kwallet
Do not load cookies from browser (default)
Location in the filesystem where yt-dlp can store some downloaded information (such as client ids and signatures) permanently. By default ${XDG_CACHE_HOME}/yt-dlp
Disable filesystem caching
Delete all filesystem cache files

Thumbnail Options:

Write thumbnail image to disk
Do not write thumbnail image to disk (default)
Write all thumbnail image formats to disk
List available thumbnails of each video. Simulate unless --no-simulate is used

Internet Shortcut Options:

Write an internet shortcut file, depending on the current platform (.url, .webloc or .desktop). The URL may be cached by the OS
Write a .url Windows internet shortcut. The OS caches the URL based on the file path
Write a .webloc macOS internet shortcut
Write a .desktop Linux internet shortcut

Verbosity and Simulation Options:

Activate quiet mode. If used with --verbose, print the log to stderr
Ignore warnings
Do not download the video and do not write anything to disk
Download the video even if printing/listing options are used
Ignore "No video formats" error. Useful for extracting metadata even if the videos are not actually available for download (experimental)
Throw error when no downloadable video formats are found (default)
Do not download the video but write all related files (Alias: --no-download)
Field name or output template to print to screen, optionally prefixed with when to print it, separated by a ":". Supported values of "WHEN" are the same as that of --use-postprocessor (default: video). Implies --quiet. Implies --simulate unless --no-simulate or later stages of WHEN are used. This option can be used multiple times
Append given template to the file. The values of WHEN and TEMPLATE are same as that of --print. FILE uses the same syntax as the output template. This option can be used multiple times
Quiet, but print JSON information for each video. Simulate unless --no-simulate is used. See "OUTPUT TEMPLATE" for a description of available keys
Quiet, but print JSON information for each url or infojson passed. Simulate unless --no-simulate is used. If the URL refers to a playlist, the whole playlist information is dumped in a single line
Force download archive entries to be written as far as no errors occur, even if -s or another simulation option is used (Alias: --force-download-archive)
Output progress bar as new lines
Do not print progress bar
Show progress bar, even if in quiet mode
Display progress in console titlebar
Template for progress outputs, optionally prefixed with one of "download:" (default), "download-title:" (the console title), "postprocess:", or "postprocess-title:". The video's fields are accessible under the "info" key and the progress attributes are accessible under "progress" key. E.g. --console-title --progress-template "download-title:%(info.id)s-%(progress.eta)s"
Print various debugging information
Print downloaded pages encoded using base64 to debug problems (very verbose)
Write downloaded intermediary pages to files in the current directory to debug problems
Display sent and read HTTP traffic

Workarounds:

Force the specified encoding (experimental)
Explicitly allow HTTPS connection to servers that do not support RFC 5746 secure renegotiation
Suppress HTTPS certificate validation
Use an unencrypted connection to retrieve information about the video (Currently supported only for YouTube)
Specify a custom HTTP header and its value, separated by a colon ":". You can use this option multiple times
Work around terminals that lack bidirectional text support. Requires bidiv or fribidi executable in PATH
Number of seconds to sleep between requests during data extraction
Number of seconds to sleep before each download. This is the minimum time to sleep when used along with --max-sleep-interval (Alias: --min-sleep-interval)
Maximum number of seconds to sleep. Can only be used along with --min-sleep-interval
Number of seconds to sleep before each subtitle download

Video Format Options:

Video format code, see "FORMAT SELECTION" for more details
Sort the formats by the fields given, see "Sorting Formats" for more details
Force user specified sort order to have precedence over all fields, see "Sorting Formats" for more details (Alias: --S-force)
Some fields have precedence over the user specified sort order (default)
Allow multiple video streams to be merged into a single file
Only one video stream is downloaded for each output file (default)
Allow multiple audio streams to be merged into a single file
Only one audio stream is downloaded for each output file (default)
Prefer video formats with free containers over non-free ones of same quality. Use with "-S ext" to strictly prefer free containers irrespective of quality
Don't give any special preference to free containers (default)
Make sure formats are selected only from those that are actually downloadable
Check all formats for whether they are actually downloadable
Do not check that the formats are actually downloadable
List available formats of each video. Simulate unless --no-simulate is used
Containers that may be used when merging formats, separated by "/", e.g. "mp4/mkv". Ignored if no merge is required. (currently supported: avi, flv, mkv, mov, mp4, webm)

Subtitle Options:

Write subtitle file
Do not write subtitle file (default)
Write automatically generated subtitle file (Alias: --write-automatic-subs)
Do not write auto-generated subtitles (default) (Alias: --no-write-automatic-subs)
List available subtitles of each video. Simulate unless --no-simulate is used
Subtitle format; accepts formats preference, e.g. "srt" or "ass/srt/best"
Languages of the subtitles to download (can be regex) or "all" separated by commas, e.g. --sub-langs "en.*,ja". You can prefix the language code with a "-" to exclude it from the requested languages, e.g. --sub-langs all,-live_chat. Use --list-subs for a list of available language tags

Authentication Options:

Login with this account ID
Account password. If this option is left out, yt-dlp will ask interactively
-2, --twofactor TWOFACTOR
Two-factor authentication code
Use .netrc authentication data
Location of .netrc authentication data; either the path or its containing directory. Defaults to ~/.netrc
Video password (vimeo, youku)
Adobe Pass multiple-system operator (TV provider) identifier, use --ap-list-mso for a list of available MSOs
Multiple-system operator account login
Multiple-system operator account password. If this option is left out, yt-dlp will ask interactively
List all supported multiple-system operators
Path to client certificate file in PEM format. May include the private key
Path to private key file for client certificate
Password for client certificate private key, if encrypted. If not provided, and the key is encrypted, yt-dlp will ask interactively

Post-Processing Options:

Convert video files to audio-only files (requires ffmpeg and ffprobe)
Format to convert the audio to when -x is used. (currently supported: best (default), aac, alac, flac, m4a, mp3, opus, vorbis, wav). You can specify multiple rules using similar syntax as --remux-video
Specify ffmpeg audio quality to use when converting the audio with -x. Insert a value between 0 (best) and 10 (worst) for VBR or a specific bitrate like 128K (default 5)
Remux the video into another container if necessary (currently supported: avi, flv, gif, mkv, mov, mp4, webm, aac, aiff, alac, flac, m4a, mka, mp3, ogg, opus, vorbis, wav). If target container does not support the video/audio codec, remuxing will fail. You can specify multiple rules; e.g. "aac>m4a/mov>mp4/mkv" will remux aac to m4a, mov to mp4 and anything else to mkv
Re-encode the video into another format if necessary. The syntax and supported formats are the same as --remux-video
Give these arguments to the postprocessors. Specify the postprocessor/executable name and the arguments separated by a colon ":" to give the argument to the specified postprocessor/executable. Supported PP are: Merger, ModifyChapters, SplitChapters, ExtractAudio, VideoRemuxer, VideoConvertor, Metadata, EmbedSubtitle, EmbedThumbnail, SubtitlesConvertor, ThumbnailsConvertor, FixupStretched, FixupM4a, FixupM3u8, FixupTimestamp and FixupDuration. The supported executables are: AtomicParsley, FFmpeg and FFprobe. You can also specify "PP+EXE:ARGS" to give the arguments to the specified executable only when being used by the specified postprocessor. Additionally, for ffmpeg/ffprobe, "_i"/"_o" can be appended to the prefix optionally followed by a number to pass the argument before the specified input/output file, e.g. --ppa "Merger+ffmpeg_i1:-v quiet". You can use this option multiple times to give different arguments to different postprocessors. (Alias: --ppa)
Keep the intermediate video file on disk after post-processing
Delete the intermediate video file after post-processing (default)
Overwrite post-processed files (default)
Do not overwrite post-processed files
Embed subtitles in the video (only for mp4, webm and mkv videos)
Do not embed subtitles (default)
Embed thumbnail in the video as cover art
Do not embed thumbnail (default)
Embed metadata to the video file. Also embeds chapters/infojson if present unless --no-embed-chapters/--no-embed-info-json are used (Alias: --add-metadata)
Do not add metadata to file (default) (Alias: --no-add-metadata)
Add chapter markers to the video file (Alias: --add-chapters)
Do not add chapter markers (default) (Alias: --no-add-chapters)
Embed the infojson as an attachment to mkv/mka video files
Do not embed the infojson as an attachment to the video file
Parse additional metadata like title/artist from other fields; see "MODIFYING METADATA" for details. Supported values of "WHEN" are the same as that of --use-postprocessor (default: pre_process)
Replace text in a metadata field using the given regex. This option can be used multiple times. Supported values of "WHEN" are the same as that of --use-postprocessor (default: pre_process)
Write metadata to the video file's xattrs (using dublin core and xdg standards)
Concatenate videos in a playlist. One of "never", "always", or "multi_video" (default; only when the videos form a single show). All the video files must have same codecs and number of streams to be concatable. The "pl_video:" prefix can be used with "--paths" and "--output" to set the output filename for the concatenated files. See "OUTPUT TEMPLATE" for details
Automatically correct known faults of the file. One of never (do nothing), warn (only emit a warning), detect_or_warn (the default; fix file if we can, warn otherwise), force (try fixing even if file already exists)
Location of the ffmpeg binary; either the path to the binary or its containing directory
Execute a command, optionally prefixed with when to execute it, separated by a ":". Supported values of "WHEN" are the same as that of --use-postprocessor (default: after_move). Same syntax as the output template can be used to pass any field as arguments to the command. After download, an additional field "filepath" that contains the final path of the downloaded file is also available, and if no fields are passed, %(filepath,_filename|)q is appended to the end of the command. This option can be used multiple times
Remove any previously defined --exec
Convert the subtitles to another format (currently supported: ass, lrc, srt, vtt) (Alias: --convert-subtitles)
Convert the thumbnails to another format (currently supported: jpg, png, webp). You can specify multiple rules using similar syntax as --remux-video
Split video into multiple files based on internal chapters. The "chapter:" prefix can be used with "--paths" and "--output" to set the output filename for the split files. See "OUTPUT TEMPLATE" for details
Do not split video based on chapters (default)
Remove chapters whose title matches the given regular expression. The syntax is the same as --download-sections. This option can be used multiple times
Do not remove any chapters from the file (default)
Force keyframes at cuts when downloading/splitting/removing sections. This is slow due to needing a re-encode, but the resulting video may have fewer artifacts around the cuts
Do not force keyframes around the chapters when cutting/splitting (default)
The (case sensitive) name of plugin postprocessors to be enabled, and (optionally) arguments to be passed to it, separated by a colon ":". ARGS are a semicolon ";" delimited list of NAME=VALUE. The "when" argument determines when the postprocessor is invoked. It can be one of "pre_process" (after video extraction), "after_filter" (after video passes filter), "video" (after --format; before --print/--output), "before_dl" (before each video download), "post_process" (after each video download; default), "after_move" (after moving video file to it's final locations), "after_video" (after downloading and processing all formats of a video), or "playlist" (at end of playlist). This option can be used multiple times to add different postprocessors

SponsorBlock Options:

Make chapter entries for, or remove various segments (sponsor, introductions, etc.) from downloaded YouTube videos using the SponsorBlock API (https://sponsor.ajay.app)

SponsorBlock categories to create chapters for, separated by commas. Available categories are sponsor, intro, outro, selfpromo, preview, filler, interaction, music_offtopic, poi_highlight, chapter, all and default (=all). You can prefix the category with a "-" to exclude it. See [1] for description of the categories. E.g. --sponsorblock-mark all,-preview [1] https://wiki.sponsor.ajay.app/w/Segment_Categories
SponsorBlock categories to be removed from the video file, separated by commas. If a category is present in both mark and remove, remove takes precedence. The syntax and available categories are the same as for --sponsorblock-mark except that "default" refers to "all,-filler" and poi_highlight, chapter are not available
An output template for the title of the SponsorBlock chapters created by --sponsorblock-mark. The only available fields are start_time, end_time, category, categories, name, category_names. Defaults to "[SponsorBlock]: %(category_names)l"
Disable both --sponsorblock-mark and --sponsorblock-remove
SponsorBlock API location, defaults to https://sponsor.ajay.app

Extractor Options:

Number of retries for known extractor errors (default is 3), or "infinite"
Process dynamic DASH manifests (default) (Alias: --no-ignore-dynamic-mpd)
Do not process dynamic DASH manifests (Alias: --no-allow-dynamic-mpd)
Split HLS playlists to different formats at discontinuities such as ad breaks
Do not split HLS playlists to different formats at discontinuities such as ad breaks (default)
Pass ARGS arguments to the IE_KEY extractor. See "EXTRACTOR ARGUMENTS" for details. You can use this option multiple times to give arguments for different extractors

CONFIGURATION

You can configure yt-dlp by placing any supported command line option to a configuration file. The configuration is loaded from the following locations:

1.
Main Configuration:
The file given by --config-location
2.
Portable Configuration: (Recommended for portable installations)
If using a binary, yt-dlp.conf in the same directory as the binary
If running from source-code, yt-dlp.conf in the parent directory of yt_dlp
3.
Home Configuration:
yt-dlp.conf in the home path given by -P
If -P is not given, the current directory is searched
4.
User Configuration:
${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/yt-dlp.conf
${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/yt-dlp/config (recommended on Linux/macOS)
${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/yt-dlp/config.txt
${APPDATA}/yt-dlp.conf
${APPDATA}/yt-dlp/config (recommended on Windows)
${APPDATA}/yt-dlp/config.txt
~/yt-dlp.conf
~/yt-dlp.conf.txt
~/.yt-dlp/config
~/.yt-dlp/config.txt See also: Notes about environment variables
5.
System Configuration:
/etc/yt-dlp.conf
/etc/yt-dlp/config
/etc/yt-dlp/config.txt

E.g. with the following configuration file yt-dlp will always extract the audio, not copy the mtime, use a proxy and save all videos under YouTube directory in your home directory:

# Lines starting with # are comments
# Always extract audio
-x
# Do not copy the mtime
--no-mtime
# Use this proxy
--proxy 127.0.0.1:3128
# Save all videos under YouTube directory in your home directory
-o ~/YouTube/%(title)s.%(ext)s
    

Note: Options in configuration file are just the same options aka switches used in regular command line calls; thus there must be no whitespace after - or --, e.g. -o or --proxy but not - o or -- proxy. They must also be quoted when necessary as-if it were a UNIX shell.

You can use --ignore-config if you want to disable all configuration files for a particular yt-dlp run. If --ignore-config is found inside any configuration file, no further configuration will be loaded. For example, having the option in the portable configuration file prevents loading of home, user, and system configurations. Additionally, (for backward compatibility) if --ignore-config is found inside the system configuration file, the user configuration is not loaded.

Configuration file encoding

The configuration files are decoded according to the UTF BOM if present, and in the encoding from system locale otherwise.

If you want your file to be decoded differently, add # coding: ENCODING to the beginning of the file (e.g. # coding: shift-jis). There must be no characters before that, even spaces or BOM.

Authentication with .netrc file

You may also want to configure automatic credentials storage for extractors that support authentication (by providing login and password with --username and --password) in order not to pass credentials as command line arguments on every yt-dlp execution and prevent tracking plain text passwords in the shell command history. You can achieve this using a .netrc file (https://stackoverflow.com/tags/.netrc/info) on a per-extractor basis. For that you will need to create a .netrc file in --netrc-location and restrict permissions to read/write by only you:

touch ${HOME}/.netrc
chmod a-rwx,u+rw ${HOME}/.netrc
    

After that you can add credentials for an extractor in the following format, where extractor is the name of the extractor in lowercase:

machine <extractor> login <username> password <password>
    

E.g.

machine youtube login myaccount@gmail.com password my_youtube_password
machine twitch login my_twitch_account_name password my_twitch_password
    

To activate authentication with the .netrc file you should pass --netrc to yt-dlp or place it in the configuration file.

The default location of the .netrc file is ~ (see below).

Notes about environment variables

Environment variables are normally specified as ${VARIABLE}/$VARIABLE on UNIX and %VARIABLE% on Windows; but is always shown as ${VARIABLE} in this documentation
yt-dlp also allow using UNIX-style variables on Windows for path-like options; e.g. --output, --config-location
If unset, ${XDG_CONFIG_HOME} defaults to ~/.config and ${XDG_CACHE_HOME} to ~/.cache
On Windows, ~ points to ${HOME} if present; or, ${USERPROFILE} or ${HOMEDRIVE}${HOMEPATH} otherwise
On Windows, ${USERPROFILE} generally points to C:\Users\<user name> and ${APPDATA} to ${USERPROFILE}\AppData\Roaming

OUTPUT TEMPLATE

The -o option is used to indicate a template for the output file names while -P option is used to specify the path each type of file should be saved to.

The simplest usage of -o is not to set any template arguments when downloading a single file, like in yt-dlp -o funny_video.flv "https://some/video" (hard-coding file extension like this is not recommended and could break some post-processing).

It may however also contain special sequences that will be replaced when downloading each video. The special sequences may be formatted according to Python string formatting operations (https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#printf-style-string-formatting), e.g. %(NAME)s or %(NAME)05d. To clarify, that is a percent symbol followed by a name in parentheses, followed by formatting operations.

The field names themselves (the part inside the parenthesis) can also have some special formatting:

1.
Object traversal: The dictionaries and lists available in metadata can be traversed by using a dot . separator; e.g. %(tags.0)s, %(subtitles.en.-1.ext)s. You can do Python slicing with colon :; E.g. %(id.3:7:-1)s, %(formats.:.format_id)s. Curly braces {} can be used to build dictionaries with only specific keys; e.g. %(formats.:.{format_id,height})#j. An empty field name %()s refers to the entire infodict; e.g. %(.{id,title})s. Note that all the fields that become available using this method are not listed below. Use -j to see such fields
2.
Addition: Addition and subtraction of numeric fields can be done using + and - respectively. E.g. %(playlist_index+10)03d, %(n_entries+1-playlist_index)d
3.
Date/time Formatting: Date/time fields can be formatted according to strftime formatting (https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html#strftime-and-strptime-format-codes) by specifying it separated from the field name using a >. E.g. %(duration>%H-%M-%S)s, %(upload_date>%Y-%m-%d)s, %(epoch-3600>%H-%M-%S)s
4.
Alternatives: Alternate fields can be specified separated with a ,. E.g. %(release_date>%Y,upload_date>%Y|Unknown)s
5.
Replacement: A replacement value can be specified using a & separator. If the field is not empty, this replacement value will be used instead of the actual field content. This is done after alternate fields are considered; thus the replacement is used if any of the alternative fields is not empty.
6.
Default: A literal default value can be specified for when the field is empty using a | separator. This overrides --output-na-placeholder. E.g. %(uploader|Unknown)s
7.
More Conversions: In addition to the normal format types diouxXeEfFgGcrs, yt-dlp additionally supports converting to B = Bytes, j = json (flag # for pretty-printing, + for Unicode), h = HTML escaping, l = a comma separated list (flag # for \n newline-separated), q = a string quoted for the terminal (flag # to split a list into different arguments), D = add Decimal suffixes (e.g. 10M) (flag # to use 1024 as factor), and S = Sanitize as filename (flag # for restricted)
8.
Unicode normalization: The format type U can be used for NFC Unicode normalization (https://docs.python.org/3/library/unicodedata.html#unicodedata.normalize). The alternate form flag (#) changes the normalization to NFD and the conversion flag + can be used for NFKC/NFKD compatibility equivalence normalization. E.g. %(title)+.100U is NFKC

To summarize, the general syntax for a field is:

%(name[.keys][addition][>strf][,alternate][&replacement][|default])[flags][width][.precision][length]type
    

Additionally, you can set different output templates for the various metadata files separately from the general output template by specifying the type of file followed by the template separated by a colon :. The different file types supported are subtitle, thumbnail, description, annotation (deprecated), infojson, link, pl_thumbnail, pl_description, pl_infojson, chapter, pl_video. E.g. -o "%(title)s.%(ext)s" -o "thumbnail:%(title)s\%(title)s.%(ext)s" will put the thumbnails in a folder with the same name as the video. If any of the templates is empty, that type of file will not be written. E.g. --write-thumbnail -o "thumbnail:" will write thumbnails only for playlists and not for video.

Note: Due to post-processing (i.e. merging etc.), the actual output filename might differ. Use --print after_move:filepath to get the name after all post-processing is complete.

The available fields are:

id (string): Video identifier
title (string): Video title
fulltitle (string): Video title ignoring live timestamp and generic title
ext (string): Video filename extension
alt_title (string): A secondary title of the video
description (string): The description of the video
display_id (string): An alternative identifier for the video
uploader (string): Full name of the video uploader
license (string): License name the video is licensed under
creator (string): The creator of the video
timestamp (numeric): UNIX timestamp of the moment the video became available
upload_date (string): Video upload date in UTC (YYYYMMDD)
release_timestamp (numeric): UNIX timestamp of the moment the video was released
release_date (string): The date (YYYYMMDD) when the video was released in UTC
modified_timestamp (numeric): UNIX timestamp of the moment the video was last modified
modified_date (string): The date (YYYYMMDD) when the video was last modified in UTC
uploader_id (string): Nickname or id of the video uploader
channel (string): Full name of the channel the video is uploaded on
channel_id (string): Id of the channel
channel_follower_count (numeric): Number of followers of the channel
location (string): Physical location where the video was filmed
duration (numeric): Length of the video in seconds
duration_string (string): Length of the video (HH:mm:ss)
view_count (numeric): How many users have watched the video on the platform
concurrent_view_count (numeric): How many users are currently watching the video on the platform.
like_count (numeric): Number of positive ratings of the video
dislike_count (numeric): Number of negative ratings of the video
repost_count (numeric): Number of reposts of the video
average_rating (numeric): Average rating give by users, the scale used depends on the webpage
comment_count (numeric): Number of comments on the video (For some extractors, comments are only downloaded at the end, and so this field cannot be used)
age_limit (numeric): Age restriction for the video (years)
live_status (string): One of "not_live", "is_live", "is_upcoming", "was_live", "post_live" (was live, but VOD is not yet processed)
is_live (boolean): Whether this video is a live stream or a fixed-length video
was_live (boolean): Whether this video was originally a live stream
playable_in_embed (string): Whether this video is allowed to play in embedded players on other sites
availability (string): Whether the video is "private", "premium_only", "subscriber_only", "needs_auth", "unlisted" or "public"
start_time (numeric): Time in seconds where the reproduction should start, as specified in the URL
end_time (numeric): Time in seconds where the reproduction should end, as specified in the URL
extractor (string): Name of the extractor
extractor_key (string): Key name of the extractor
epoch (numeric): Unix epoch of when the information extraction was completed
autonumber (numeric): Number that will be increased with each download, starting at --autonumber-start
video_autonumber (numeric): Number that will be increased with each video
n_entries (numeric): Total number of extracted items in the playlist
playlist_id (string): Identifier of the playlist that contains the video
playlist_title (string): Name of the playlist that contains the video
playlist (string): playlist_id or playlist_title
playlist_count (numeric): Total number of items in the playlist. May not be known if entire playlist is not extracted
playlist_index (numeric): Index of the video in the playlist padded with leading zeros according the final index
playlist_autonumber (numeric): Position of the video in the playlist download queue padded with leading zeros according to the total length of the playlist
playlist_uploader (string): Full name of the playlist uploader
playlist_uploader_id (string): Nickname or id of the playlist uploader
webpage_url (string): A URL to the video webpage which if given to yt-dlp should allow to get the same result again
webpage_url_basename (string): The basename of the webpage URL
webpage_url_domain (string): The domain of the webpage URL
original_url (string): The URL given by the user (or same as webpage_url for playlist entries)

All the fields in Filtering Formats can also be used

Available for the video that belongs to some logical chapter or section:

chapter (string): Name or title of the chapter the video belongs to
chapter_number (numeric): Number of the chapter the video belongs to
chapter_id (string): Id of the chapter the video belongs to

Available for the video that is an episode of some series or programme:

series (string): Title of the series or programme the video episode belongs to
season (string): Title of the season the video episode belongs to
season_number (numeric): Number of the season the video episode belongs to
season_id (string): Id of the season the video episode belongs to
episode (string): Title of the video episode
episode_number (numeric): Number of the video episode within a season
episode_id (string): Id of the video episode

Available for the media that is a track or a part of a music album:

track (string): Title of the track
track_number (numeric): Number of the track within an album or a disc
track_id (string): Id of the track
artist (string): Artist(s) of the track
genre (string): Genre(s) of the track
album (string): Title of the album the track belongs to
album_type (string): Type of the album
album_artist (string): List of all artists appeared on the album
disc_number (numeric): Number of the disc or other physical medium the track belongs to
release_year (numeric): Year (YYYY) when the album was released

Available only when using --download-sections and for chapter: prefix when using --split-chapters for videos with internal chapters:

section_title (string): Title of the chapter
section_number (numeric): Number of the chapter within the file
section_start (numeric): Start time of the chapter in seconds
section_end (numeric): End time of the chapter in seconds

Available only when used in --print:

urls (string): The URLs of all requested formats, one in each line
filename (string): Name of the video file. Note that the actual filename may differ
formats_table (table): The video format table as printed by --list-formats
thumbnails_table (table): The thumbnail format table as printed by --list-thumbnails
subtitles_table (table): The subtitle format table as printed by --list-subs
automatic_captions_table (table): The automatic subtitle format table as printed by --list-subs

Available only in --sponsorblock-chapter-title:

start_time (numeric): Start time of the chapter in seconds
end_time (numeric): End time of the chapter in seconds
categories (list): The SponsorBlock categories (https://wiki.sponsor.ajay.app/w/Types#Category) the chapter belongs to
category (string): The smallest SponsorBlock category the chapter belongs to
category_names (list): Friendly names of the categories
name (string): Friendly name of the smallest category
type (string): The SponsorBlock action type (https://wiki.sponsor.ajay.app/w/Types#Action_Type) of the chapter

Each aforementioned sequence when referenced in an output template will be replaced by the actual value corresponding to the sequence name. E.g. for -o %(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s and an mp4 video with title yt-dlp test video and id BaW_jenozKc, this will result in a yt-dlp test video-BaW_jenozKc.mp4 file created in the current directory.

Note: Some of the sequences are not guaranteed to be present since they depend on the metadata obtained by a particular extractor. Such sequences will be replaced with placeholder value provided with --output-na-placeholder (NA by default).

Tip: Look at the -j output to identify which fields are available for the particular URL

For numeric sequences you can use numeric related formatting (https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#printf-style-string-formatting); e.g. %(view_count)05d will result in a string with view count padded with zeros up to 5 characters, like in 00042.

Output templates can also contain arbitrary hierarchical path, e.g. -o "%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s - %(title)s.%(ext)s" which will result in downloading each video in a directory corresponding to this path template. Any missing directory will be automatically created for you.

To use percent literals in an output template use %%. To output to stdout use -o -.

The current default template is %(title)s [%(id)s].%(ext)s.

In some cases, you don't want special characters such as 中, spaces, or &, such as when transferring the downloaded filename to a Windows system or the filename through an 8bit-unsafe channel. In these cases, add the --restrict-filenames flag to get a shorter title.

Output template examples

$ yt-dlp --print filename -o "test video.%(ext)s" BaW_jenozKc
test video.webm    # Literal name with correct extension
$ yt-dlp --print filename -o "%(title)s.%(ext)s" BaW_jenozKc
youtube-dl test video ''_ä↭𝕐.webm    # All kinds of weird characters
$ yt-dlp --print filename -o "%(title)s.%(ext)s" BaW_jenozKc --restrict-filenames
youtube-dl_test_video_.webm    # Restricted file name
# Download YouTube playlist videos in separate directory indexed by video order in a playlist
$ yt-dlp -o "%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s - %(title)s.%(ext)s" "https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re"
# Download YouTube playlist videos in separate directories according to their uploaded year
$ yt-dlp -o "%(upload_date>%Y)s/%(title)s.%(ext)s" "https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re"
# Prefix playlist index with " - " separator, but only if it is available
$ yt-dlp -o '%(playlist_index|)s%(playlist_index& - |)s%(title)s.%(ext)s' BaW_jenozKc "https://www.youtube.com/user/TheLinuxFoundation/playlists"
# Download all playlists of YouTube channel/user keeping each playlist in separate directory:
$ yt-dlp -o "%(uploader)s/%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s - %(title)s.%(ext)s" "https://www.youtube.com/user/TheLinuxFoundation/playlists"
# Download Udemy course keeping each chapter in separate directory under MyVideos directory in your home
$ yt-dlp -u user -p password -P "~/MyVideos" -o "%(playlist)s/%(chapter_number)s - %(chapter)s/%(title)s.%(ext)s" "https://www.udemy.com/java-tutorial"
# Download entire series season keeping each series and each season in separate directory under C:/MyVideos
$ yt-dlp -P "C:/MyVideos" -o "%(series)s/%(season_number)s - %(season)s/%(episode_number)s - %(episode)s.%(ext)s" "https://videomore.ru/kino_v_detalayah/5_sezon/367617"
# Download video as "C:\MyVideos\uploader\title.ext", subtitles as "C:\MyVideos\subs\uploader\title.ext"
# and put all temporary files in "C:\MyVideos\tmp"
$ yt-dlp -P "C:/MyVideos" -P "temp:tmp" -P "subtitle:subs" -o "%(uploader)s/%(title)s.%(ext)s" BaW_jenoz --write-subs
# Download video as "C:\MyVideos\uploader\title.ext" and subtitles as "C:\MyVideos\uploader\subs\title.ext"
$ yt-dlp -P "C:/MyVideos" -o "%(uploader)s/%(title)s.%(ext)s" -o "subtitle:%(uploader)s/subs/%(title)s.%(ext)s" BaW_jenozKc --write-subs
# Stream the video being downloaded to stdout
$ yt-dlp -o - BaW_jenozKc
    

FORMAT SELECTION

By default, yt-dlp tries to download the best available quality if you don't pass any options. This is generally equivalent to using -f bestvideo*+bestaudio/best. However, if multiple audiostreams is enabled (--audio-multistreams), the default format changes to -f bestvideo+bestaudio/best. Similarly, if ffmpeg is unavailable, or if you use yt-dlp to stream to stdout (-o -), the default becomes -f best/bestvideo+bestaudio.

Deprecation warning: Latest versions of yt-dlp can stream multiple formats to the stdout simultaneously using ffmpeg. So, in future versions, the default for this will be set to -f bv*+ba/b similar to normal downloads. If you want to preserve the -f b/bv+ba setting, it is recommended to explicitly specify it in the configuration options.

The general syntax for format selection is -f FORMAT (or --format FORMAT) where FORMAT is a selector expression, i.e. an expression that describes format or formats you would like to download.

The simplest case is requesting a specific format; e.g. with -f 22 you can download the format with format code equal to 22. You can get the list of available format codes for particular video using --list-formats or -F. Note that these format codes are extractor specific.

You can also use a file extension (currently 3gp, aac, flv, m4a, mp3, mp4, ogg, wav, webm are supported) to download the best quality format of a particular file extension served as a single file, e.g. -f webm will download the best quality format with the webm extension served as a single file.

You can use -f - to interactively provide the format selector for each video

You can also use special names to select particular edge case formats:

all: Select all formats separately
mergeall: Select and merge all formats (Must be used with --audio-multistreams, --video-multistreams or both)
b*, best*: Select the best quality format that contains either a video or an audio or both (ie; vcodec!=none or acodec!=none)
b, best: Select the best quality format that contains both video and audio. Equivalent to best*[vcodec!=none][acodec!=none]
bv, bestvideo: Select the best quality video-only format. Equivalent to best*[acodec=none]
bv*, bestvideo*: Select the best quality format that contains video. It may also contain audio. Equivalent to best*[vcodec!=none]
ba, bestaudio: Select the best quality audio-only format. Equivalent to best*[vcodec=none]
ba*, bestaudio*: Select the best quality format that contains audio. It may also contain video. Equivalent to best*[acodec!=none] (Do not use! (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/979#issuecomment-919629354))
w*, worst*: Select the worst quality format that contains either a video or an audio
w, worst: Select the worst quality format that contains both video and audio. Equivalent to worst*[vcodec!=none][acodec!=none]
wv, worstvideo: Select the worst quality video-only format. Equivalent to worst*[acodec=none]
wv*, worstvideo*: Select the worst quality format that contains video. It may also contain audio. Equivalent to worst*[vcodec!=none]
wa, worstaudio: Select the worst quality audio-only format. Equivalent to worst*[vcodec=none]
wa*, worstaudio*: Select the worst quality format that contains audio. It may also contain video. Equivalent to worst*[acodec!=none]

For example, to download the worst quality video-only format you can use -f worstvideo. It is however recommended not to use worst and related options. When your format selector is worst, the format which is worst in all respects is selected. Most of the time, what you actually want is the video with the smallest filesize instead. So it is generally better to use -S +size or more rigorously, -S +size,+br,+res,+fps instead of -f worst. See Sorting Formats for more details.

You can select the n'th best format of a type by using best<type>.<n>. For example, best.2 will select the 2nd best combined format. Similarly, bv*.3 will select the 3rd best format that contains a video stream.

If you want to download multiple videos, and they don't have the same formats available, you can specify the order of preference using slashes. Note that formats on the left hand side are preferred; e.g. -f 22/17/18 will download format 22 if it's available, otherwise it will download format 17 if it's available, otherwise it will download format 18 if it's available, otherwise it will complain that no suitable formats are available for download.

If you want to download several formats of the same video use a comma as a separator, e.g. -f 22,17,18 will download all these three formats, of course if they are available. Or a more sophisticated example combined with the precedence feature: -f 136/137/mp4/bestvideo,140/m4a/bestaudio.

You can merge the video and audio of multiple formats into a single file using -f <format1>+<format2>+... (requires ffmpeg installed); e.g. -f bestvideo+bestaudio will download the best video-only format, the best audio-only format and mux them together with ffmpeg.

Deprecation warning: Since the below described behavior is complex and counter-intuitive, this will be removed and multistreams will be enabled by default in the future. A new operator will be instead added to limit formats to single audio/video

Unless --video-multistreams is used, all formats with a video stream except the first one are ignored. Similarly, unless --audio-multistreams is used, all formats with an audio stream except the first one are ignored. E.g. -f bestvideo+best+bestaudio --video-multistreams --audio-multistreams will download and merge all 3 given formats. The resulting file will have 2 video streams and 2 audio streams. But -f bestvideo+best+bestaudio --no-video-multistreams will download and merge only bestvideo and bestaudio. best is ignored since another format containing a video stream (bestvideo) has already been selected. The order of the formats is therefore important. -f best+bestaudio --no-audio-multistreams will download only best while -f bestaudio+best --no-audio-multistreams will ignore best and download only bestaudio.

Filtering Formats

You can also filter the video formats by putting a condition in brackets, as in -f "best[height=720]" (or -f "[filesize>10M]").

The following numeric meta fields can be used with comparisons <, <=, >, >=, = (equals), != (not equals):

filesize: The number of bytes, if known in advance
filesize_approx: An estimate for the number of bytes
width: Width of the video, if known
height: Height of the video, if known
aspect_ratio: Aspect ratio of the video, if known
tbr: Average bitrate of audio and video in KBit/s
abr: Average audio bitrate in KBit/s
vbr: Average video bitrate in KBit/s
asr: Audio sampling rate in Hertz
fps: Frame rate
audio_channels: The number of audio channels
stretched_ratio: width:height of the video's pixels, if not square

Also filtering work for comparisons = (equals), ^= (starts with), $= (ends with), *= (contains), ~= (matches regex) and following string meta fields:

url: Video URL
ext: File extension
acodec: Name of the audio codec in use
vcodec: Name of the video codec in use
container: Name of the container format
protocol: The protocol that will be used for the actual download, lower-case (http, https, rtsp, rtmp, rtmpe, mms, f4m, ism, http_dash_segments, m3u8, or m3u8_native)
language: Language code
dynamic_range: The dynamic range of the video
format_id: A short description of the format
format: A human-readable description of the format
format_note: Additional info about the format
resolution: Textual description of width and height

Any string comparison may be prefixed with negation ! in order to produce an opposite comparison, e.g. !*= (does not contain). The comparand of a string comparison needs to be quoted with either double or single quotes if it contains spaces or special characters other than ._-.

Note: None of the aforementioned meta fields are guaranteed to be present since this solely depends on the metadata obtained by particular extractor, i.e. the metadata offered by the website. Any other field made available by the extractor can also be used for filtering.

Formats for which the value is not known are excluded unless you put a question mark (?) after the operator. You can combine format filters, so -f "[height<=?720][tbr>500]" selects up to 720p videos (or videos where the height is not known) with a bitrate of at least 500 KBit/s. You can also use the filters with all to download all formats that satisfy the filter, e.g. -f "all[vcodec=none]" selects all audio-only formats.

Format selectors can also be grouped using parentheses; e.g. -f "(mp4,webm)[height<480]" will download the best pre-merged mp4 and webm formats with a height lower than 480.

Sorting Formats

You can change the criteria for being considered the best by using -S (--format-sort). The general format for this is --format-sort field1,field2....

The available fields are:

hasvid: Gives priority to formats that have a video stream
hasaud: Gives priority to formats that have an audio stream
ie_pref: The format preference
lang: The language preference
quality: The quality of the format
source: The preference of the source
proto: Protocol used for download (https/ftps > http/ftp > m3u8_native/m3u8 > http_dash_segments> websocket_frag > mms/rtsp > f4f/f4m)
vcodec: Video Codec (av01 > vp9.2 > vp9 > h265 > h264 > vp8 > h263 > theora > other)
acodec: Audio Codec (flac/alac > wav/aiff > opus > vorbis > aac > mp4a > mp3 > ac4 > eac3 > ac3 > dts > other)
codec: Equivalent to vcodec,acodec
vext: Video Extension (mp4 > mov > webm > flv > other). If --prefer-free-formats is used, webm is preferred.
aext: Audio Extension (m4a > aac > mp3 > ogg > opus > webm > other). If --prefer-free-formats is used, the order changes to ogg > opus > webm > mp3 > m4a > aac
ext: Equivalent to vext,aext
filesize: Exact filesize, if known in advance
fs_approx: Approximate filesize calculated from the manifests
size: Exact filesize if available, otherwise approximate filesize
height: Height of video
width: Width of video
res: Video resolution, calculated as the smallest dimension.
fps: Framerate of video
hdr: The dynamic range of the video (DV > HDR12 > HDR10+ > HDR10 > HLG > SDR)
channels: The number of audio channels
tbr: Total average bitrate in KBit/s
vbr: Average video bitrate in KBit/s
abr: Average audio bitrate in KBit/s
br: Equivalent to using tbr,vbr,abr
asr: Audio sample rate in Hz

Deprecation warning: Many of these fields have (currently undocumented) aliases, that may be removed in a future version. It is recommended to use only the documented field names.

All fields, unless specified otherwise, are sorted in descending order. To reverse this, prefix the field with a +. E.g. +res prefers format with the smallest resolution. Additionally, you can suffix a preferred value for the fields, separated by a :. E.g. res:720 prefers larger videos, but no larger than 720p and the smallest video if there are no videos less than 720p. For codec and ext, you can provide two preferred values, the first for video and the second for audio. E.g. +codec:avc:m4a (equivalent to +vcodec:avc,+acodec:m4a) sets the video codec preference to h264 > h265 > vp9 > vp9.2 > av01 > vp8 > h263 > theora and audio codec preference to mp4a > aac > vorbis > opus > mp3 > ac3 > dts. You can also make the sorting prefer the nearest values to the provided by using ~ as the delimiter. E.g. filesize~1G prefers the format with filesize closest to 1 GiB.

The fields hasvid and ie_pref are always given highest priority in sorting, irrespective of the user-defined order. This behaviour can be changed by using --format-sort-force. Apart from these, the default order used is: lang,quality,res,fps,hdr:12,vcodec:vp9.2,channels,acodec,size,br,asr,proto,ext,hasaud,source,id. The extractors may override this default order, but they cannot override the user-provided order.

Note that the default has vcodec:vp9.2; i.e. av1 is not preferred. Similarly, the default for hdr is hdr:12; i.e. dolby vision is not preferred. These choices are made since DV and AV1 formats are not yet fully compatible with most devices. This may be changed in the future as more devices become capable of smoothly playing back these formats.

If your format selector is worst, the last item is selected after sorting. This means it will select the format that is worst in all respects. Most of the time, what you actually want is the video with the smallest filesize instead. So it is generally better to use -f best -S +size,+br,+res,+fps.

Tip: You can use the -v -F to see how the formats have been sorted (worst to best).

Format Selection examples

# Download and merge the best video-only format and the best audio-only format,
# or download the best combined format if video-only format is not available
$ yt-dlp -f "bv+ba/b"
# Download best format that contains video,
# and if it doesn't already have an audio stream, merge it with best audio-only format
$ yt-dlp -f "bv*+ba/b"
# Same as above
$ yt-dlp
# Download the best video-only format and the best audio-only format without merging them
# For this case, an output template should be used since
# by default, bestvideo and bestaudio will have the same file name.
$ yt-dlp -f "bv,ba" -o "%(title)s.f%(format_id)s.%(ext)s"
# Download and merge the best format that has a video stream,
# and all audio-only formats into one file
$ yt-dlp -f "bv*+mergeall[vcodec=none]" --audio-multistreams
# Download and merge the best format that has a video stream,
# and the best 2 audio-only formats into one file
$ yt-dlp -f "bv*+ba+ba.2" --audio-multistreams
# The following examples show the old method (without -S) of format selection
# and how to use -S to achieve a similar but (generally) better result
# Download the worst video available (old method)
$ yt-dlp -f "wv*+wa/w"
# Download the best video available but with the smallest resolution
$ yt-dlp -S "+res"
# Download the smallest video available
$ yt-dlp -S "+size,+br"
# Download the best mp4 video available, or the best video if no mp4 available
$ yt-dlp -f "bv*[ext=mp4]+ba[ext=m4a]/b[ext=mp4] / bv*+ba/b"
# Download the best video with the best extension
# (For video, mp4 > mov > webm > flv. For audio, m4a > aac > mp3 ...)
$ yt-dlp -S "ext"
# Download the best video available but no better than 480p,
# or the worst video if there is no video under 480p
$ yt-dlp -f "bv*[height<=480]+ba/b[height<=480] / wv*+ba/w"
# Download the best video available with the largest height but no better than 480p,
# or the best video with the smallest resolution if there is no video under 480p
$ yt-dlp -S "height:480"
# Download the best video available with the largest resolution but no better than 480p,
# or the best video with the smallest resolution if there is no video under 480p
# Resolution is determined by using the smallest dimension.
# So this works correctly for vertical videos as well
$ yt-dlp -S "res:480"
# Download the best video (that also has audio) but no bigger than 50 MB,
# or the worst video (that also has audio) if there is no video under 50 MB
$ yt-dlp -f "b[filesize<50M] / w"
# Download largest video (that also has audio) but no bigger than 50 MB,
# or the smallest video (that also has audio) if there is no video under 50 MB
$ yt-dlp -f "b" -S "filesize:50M"
# Download best video (that also has audio) that is closest in size to 50 MB
$ yt-dlp -f "b" -S "filesize~50M"
# Download best video available via direct link over HTTP/HTTPS protocol,
# or the best video available via any protocol if there is no such video
$ yt-dlp -f "(bv*+ba/b)[protocol^=http][protocol!*=dash] / (bv*+ba/b)"
# Download best video available via the best protocol
# (https/ftps > http/ftp > m3u8_native > m3u8 > http_dash_segments ...)
$ yt-dlp -S "proto"
# Download the best video with either h264 or h265 codec,
# or the best video if there is no such video
$ yt-dlp -f "(bv*[vcodec~='^((he|a)vc|h26[45])']+ba) / (bv*+ba/b)"
# Download the best video with best codec no better than h264,
# or the best video with worst codec if there is no such video
$ yt-dlp -S "codec:h264"
# Download the best video with worst codec no worse than h264,
# or the best video with best codec if there is no such video
$ yt-dlp -S "+codec:h264"
# More complex examples
# Download the best video no better than 720p preferring framerate greater than 30,
# or the worst video (still preferring framerate greater than 30) if there is no such video
$ yt-dlp -f "((bv*[fps>30]/bv*)[height<=720]/(wv*[fps>30]/wv*)) + ba / (b[fps>30]/b)[height<=720]/(w[fps>30]/w)"
# Download the video with the largest resolution no better than 720p,
# or the video with the smallest resolution available if there is no such video,
# preferring larger framerate for formats with the same resolution
$ yt-dlp -S "res:720,fps"
# Download the video with smallest resolution no worse than 480p,
# or the video with the largest resolution available if there is no such video,
# preferring better codec and then larger total bitrate for the same resolution
$ yt-dlp -S "+res:480,codec,br"
    

MODIFYING METADATA

The metadata obtained by the extractors can be modified by using --parse-metadata and --replace-in-metadata

--replace-in-metadata FIELDS REGEX REPLACE is used to replace text in any metadata field using python regular expression (https://docs.python.org/3/library/re.html#regular-expression-syntax). Backreferences (https://docs.python.org/3/library/re.html?highlight=backreferences#re.sub) can be used in the replace string for advanced use.

The general syntax of --parse-metadata FROM:TO is to give the name of a field or an output template to extract data from, and the format to interpret it as, separated by a colon :. Either a python regular expression (https://docs.python.org/3/library/re.html#regular-expression-syntax) with named capture groups, a single field name, or a similar syntax to the output template (only %(field)s formatting is supported) can be used for TO. The option can be used multiple times to parse and modify various fields.

Note that these options preserve their relative order, allowing replacements to be made in parsed fields and viceversa. Also, any field thus created can be used in the output template and will also affect the media file's metadata added when using --embed-metadata.

This option also has a few special uses:

You can download an additional URL based on the metadata of the currently downloaded video. To do this, set the field additional_urls to the URL that you want to download. E.g. --parse-metadata "description:(?P<additional_urls>https?://www\.vimeo\.com/\d+) will download the first vimeo video found in the description
You can use this to change the metadata that is embedded in the media file. To do this, set the value of the corresponding field with a meta_ prefix. For example, any value you set to meta_description field will be added to the description field in the file - you can use this to set a different "description" and "synopsis". To modify the metadata of individual streams, use the meta<n>_ prefix (e.g. meta1_language). Any value set to the meta_ field will overwrite all default values.

Note: Metadata modification happens before format selection, post-extraction and other post-processing operations. Some fields may be added or changed during these steps, overriding your changes.

For reference, these are the fields yt-dlp adds by default to the file metadata:

Metadata fields From
title track or title
date upload_date
description, synopsis description
purl, comment webpage_url
track track_number
artist artist, creator, uploader or uploader_id
genre genre
album album
album_artist album_artist
disc disc_number
show series
season_number season_number
episode_id episode or episode_id
episode_sort episode_number
language of each stream the format's language

Note: The file format may not support some of these fields

Modifying metadata examples

# Interpret the title as "Artist - Title"
$ yt-dlp --parse-metadata "title:%(artist)s - %(title)s"
# Regex example
$ yt-dlp --parse-metadata "description:Artist - (?P<artist>.+)"
# Set title as "Series name S01E05"
$ yt-dlp --parse-metadata "%(series)s S%(season_number)02dE%(episode_number)02d:%(title)s"
# Prioritize uploader as the "artist" field in video metadata
$ yt-dlp --parse-metadata "%(uploader|)s:%(meta_artist)s" --embed-metadata
# Set "comment" field in video metadata using description instead of webpage_url,
# handling multiple lines correctly
$ yt-dlp --parse-metadata "description:(?s)(?P<meta_comment>.+)" --embed-metadata
# Do not set any "synopsis" in the video metadata
$ yt-dlp --parse-metadata ":(?P<meta_synopsis>)"
# Remove "formats" field from the infojson by setting it to an empty string
$ yt-dlp --parse-metadata ":(?P<formats>)" -j
# Replace all spaces and "_" in title and uploader with a `-`
$ yt-dlp --replace-in-metadata "title,uploader" "[ _]" "-"
    

EXTRACTOR ARGUMENTS

Some extractors accept additional arguments which can be passed using --extractor-args KEY:ARGS. ARGS is a ; (semicolon) separated string of ARG=VAL1,VAL2. E.g. --extractor-args "youtube:player-client=android_embedded,web;include_live_dash" --extractor-args "funimation:version=uncut"

Note: In CLI, ARG can use - instead of _; e.g. youtube:player-client" becomes youtube:player_client"

The following extractors use this feature:

youtube

lang: Prefer translated metadata (title, description etc) of this language code (case-sensitive). By default, the video primary language metadata is preferred, with a fallback to en translated. See youtube.py (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/c26f9b991a0681fd3ea548d535919cec1fbbd430/yt_dlp/extractor/youtube.py#L381-L390) for list of supported content language codes
skip: One or more of hls, dash or translated_subs to skip extraction of the m3u8 manifests, dash manifests and auto-translated subtitles (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/4090#issuecomment-1158102032) respectively
player_client: Clients to extract video data from. The main clients are web, android and ios with variants _music, _embedded, _embedscreen, _creator (e.g. web_embedded); and mweb and tv_embedded (agegate bypass) with no variants. By default, android,web is used, but tv_embedded and creator variants are added as required for age-gated videos. Similarly, the music variants are added for music.youtube.com urls. You can use all to use all the clients, and default for the default clients.
player_skip: Skip some network requests that are generally needed for robust extraction. One or more of configs (skip client configs), webpage (skip initial webpage), js (skip js player). While these options can help reduce the number of requests needed or avoid some rate-limiting, they could cause some issues. See #860 (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/860) for more details
comment_sort: top or new (default) - choose comment sorting mode (on YouTube's side)
max_comments: Limit the amount of comments to gather. Comma-separated list of integers representing max-comments,max-parents,max-replies,max-replies-per-thread. Default is all,all,all,all
E.g. all,all,1000,10 will get a maximum of 1000 replies total, with up to 10 replies per thread. 1000,all,100 will get a maximum of 1000 comments, with a maximum of 100 replies total
include_incomplete_formats: Extract formats that cannot be downloaded completely (live dash and post-live m3u8)
innertube_host: Innertube API host to use for all API requests; e.g. studio.youtube.com, youtubei.googleapis.com. Note that cookies exported from one subdomain will not work on others
innertube_key: Innertube API key to use for all API requests

youtubetab (YouTube playlists, channels, feeds, etc.)

skip: One or more of webpage (skip initial webpage download), authcheck (allow the download of playlists requiring authentication when no initial webpage is downloaded. This may cause unwanted behavior, see #1122 (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/1122) for more details)
approximate_date: Extract approximate upload_date and timestamp in flat-playlist. This may cause date-based filters to be slightly off

generic

fragment_query: Passthrough any query in mpd/m3u8 manifest URLs to their fragments. Does not apply to ffmpeg

funimation

language: Audio languages to extract, e.g. funimation:language=english,japanese
version: The video version to extract - uncut or simulcast

crunchyrollbeta (Crunchyroll)

format: Which stream type(s) to extract (default: adaptive_hls). Potentially useful values include adaptive_hls, adaptive_dash, vo_adaptive_hls, vo_adaptive_dash, download_hls, download_dash, multitrack_adaptive_hls_v2
hardsub: Preference order for which hardsub versions to extract, or all (default: None = no hardsubs), e.g. crunchyrollbeta:hardsub=en-US,None

vikichannel

video_types: Types of videos to download - one or more of episodes, movies, clips, trailers

niconico

segment_duration: Segment duration in milliseconds for HLS-DMC formats. Use it at your own risk since this feature may result in your account termination.

youtubewebarchive

check_all: Try to check more at the cost of more requests. One or more of thumbnails, captures

gamejolt

comment_sort: hot (default), you (cookies needed), top, new - choose comment sorting mode (on GameJolt's side)

hotstar

res: resolution to ignore - one or more of sd, hd, fhd
vcodec: vcodec to ignore - one or more of h264, h265, dvh265
dr: dynamic range to ignore - one or more of sdr, hdr10, dv

tiktok

api_hostname: Hostname to use for mobile API requests, e.g. api-h2.tiktokv.com
app_version: App version to call mobile APIs with - should be set along with manifest_app_version, e.g. 20.2.1
manifest_app_version: Numeric app version to call mobile APIs with, e.g. 221

rokfinchannel

tab: Which tab to download - one of new, top, videos, podcasts, streams, stacks

twitter

force_graphql: Force usage of the GraphQL API. By default it will only be used if login cookies are provided

Note: These options may be changed/removed in the future without concern for backward compatibility

INSTALLATION

You can install yt-dlp using the binaries, PIP (https://pypi.org/project/yt-dlp) or one using a third-party package manager. See the wiki (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/wiki/Installation) for detailed instructions

UPDATE

You can use yt-dlp -U to update if you are using the release binaries

If you installed with PIP (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/wiki/Installation#with-pip), simply re-run the same command that was used to install the program

For other third-party package managers, see the wiki (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/wiki/Installation#third-party-package-managers) or refer their documentation

There are currently two release channels for binaries, stable and nightly. stable is the default channel, and many of its changes have been tested by users of the nightly channel. The nightly channel has releases built after each push to the master branch, and will have the most recent fixes and additions, but also have more risk of regressions. They are available in their own repo (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds/releases).

When using --update/-U, a release binary will only update to its current channel. This release channel can be changed by using the --update-to option. --update-to can also be used to upgrade or downgrade to specific tags from a channel.

Example usage: * yt-dlp --update-to nightly change to nightly channel and update to its latest release * yt-dlp --update-to stable@2023.02.17 upgrade/downgrade to release to stable channel tag 2023.02.17 * yt-dlp --update-to 2023.01.06 upgrade/downgrade to tag 2023.01.06 if it exists on the current channel

Note: The manpages, shell completion files etc. are available inside the source tarball (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp.tar.gz)

DEPENDENCIES

Python versions 3.7+ (CPython and PyPy) are supported. Other versions and implementations may or may not work correctly.

While all the other dependencies are optional, ffmpeg and ffprobe are highly recommended

ffmpeg and ffprobe (https://www.ffmpeg.org) - Required for merging separate video and audio files as well as for various post-processing tasks. License depends on the build (https://www.ffmpeg.org/legal.html)

There are bugs in ffmpeg that causes various issues when used alongside yt-dlp. Since ffmpeg is such an important dependency, we provide custom builds (https://github.com/yt-dlp/FFmpeg-Builds#ffmpeg-static-auto-builds) with patches for some of these issues at yt-dlp/FFmpeg-Builds (https://github.com/yt-dlp/FFmpeg-Builds). See the readme (https://github.com/yt-dlp/FFmpeg-Builds#patches-applied) for details on the specific issues solved by these builds

Important: What you need is ffmpeg binary, NOT the python package of the same name (https://pypi.org/project/ffmpeg)

Networking

certifi (https://github.com/certifi/python-certifi)* - Provides Mozilla's root certificate bundle. Licensed under MPLv2 (https://github.com/certifi/python-certifi/blob/master/LICENSE)
brotli (https://github.com/google/brotli)* or brotlicffi (https://github.com/python-hyper/brotlicffi) - Brotli (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brotli) content encoding support. Both licensed under MIT 1 (https://github.com/google/brotli/blob/master/LICENSE) 2 (https://github.com/python-hyper/brotlicffi/blob/master/LICENSE)
websockets (https://github.com/aaugustin/websockets)* - For downloading over websocket. Licensed under BSD-3-Clause (https://github.com/aaugustin/websockets/blob/main/LICENSE)

Metadata

mutagen (https://github.com/quodlibet/mutagen)* - For --embed-thumbnail in certain formats. Licensed under GPLv2+ (https://github.com/quodlibet/mutagen/blob/master/COPYING)
AtomicParsley (https://github.com/wez/atomicparsley) - For --embed-thumbnail in mp4/m4a files when mutagen/ffmpeg cannot. Licensed under GPLv2+ (https://github.com/wez/atomicparsley/blob/master/COPYING)
xattr (https://github.com/xattr/xattr), pyxattr (https://github.com/iustin/pyxattr) or setfattr (http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/attr) - For writing xattr metadata (--xattr) on Linux. Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/xattr/xattr/blob/master/LICENSE.txt), LGPL2.1 (https://github.com/iustin/pyxattr/blob/master/COPYING) and GPLv2+ (http://git.savannah.nongnu.org/cgit/attr.git/tree/doc/COPYING) respectively

Misc

pycryptodomex (https://github.com/Legrandin/pycryptodome)* - For decrypting AES-128 HLS streams and various other data. Licensed under BSD-2-Clause (https://github.com/Legrandin/pycryptodome/blob/master/LICENSE.rst)
phantomjs (https://github.com/ariya/phantomjs) - Used in extractors where javascript needs to be run. Licensed under BSD-3-Clause (https://github.com/ariya/phantomjs/blob/master/LICENSE.BSD)
secretstorage (https://github.com/mitya57/secretstorage) - For --cookies-from-browser to access the Gnome keyring while decrypting cookies of Chromium-based browsers on Linux. Licensed under BSD-3-Clause (https://github.com/mitya57/secretstorage/blob/master/LICENSE)
Any external downloader that you want to use with --downloader

Deprecated

avconv and avprobe (https://www.libav.org) - Now deprecated alternative to ffmpeg. License depends on the build (https://libav.org/legal)
sponskrub (https://github.com/faissaloo/SponSkrub) - For using the now deprecated sponskrub options. Licensed under GPLv3+ (https://github.com/faissaloo/SponSkrub/blob/master/LICENCE.md)
rtmpdump (http://rtmpdump.mplayerhq.hu) - For downloading rtmp streams. ffmpeg can be used instead with --downloader ffmpeg. Licensed under GPLv2+ (http://rtmpdump.mplayerhq.hu)
mplayer (http://mplayerhq.hu/design7/info.html) or mpv (https://mpv.io) - For downloading rstp/mms streams. ffmpeg can be used instead with --downloader ffmpeg. Licensed under GPLv2+ (https://github.com/mpv-player/mpv/blob/master/Copyright)

To use or redistribute the dependencies, you must agree to their respective licensing terms.

The standalone release binaries are built with the Python interpreter and the packages marked with * included.

If you do not have the necessary dependencies for a task you are attempting, yt-dlp will warn you. All the currently available dependencies are visible at the top of the --verbose output

COMPILE

Standalone PyInstaller Builds

To build the standalone executable, you must have Python and pyinstaller (plus any of yt-dlp's optional dependencies if needed). Once you have all the necessary dependencies installed, simply run pyinst.py. The executable will be built for the same architecture (x86/ARM, 32/64 bit) as the Python used.

python3 -m pip install -U pyinstaller -r requirements.txt
python3 devscripts/make_lazy_extractors.py
python3 pyinst.py
    

On some systems, you may need to use py or python instead of python3.

pyinst.py accepts any arguments that can be passed to pyinstaller, such as --onefile/-F or --onedir/-D, which is further documented here (https://pyinstaller.org/en/stable/usage.html#what-to-generate).

Note: Pyinstaller versions below 4.4 do not support (https://github.com/pyinstaller/pyinstaller#requirements-and-tested-platforms) Python installed from the Windows store without using a virtual environment.

Important: Running pyinstaller directly without using pyinst.py is not officially supported. This may or may not work correctly.

Platform-independent Binary (UNIX)

You will need the build tools python (3.7+), zip, make (GNU), pandoc* and pytest*.

After installing these, simply run make.

You can also run make yt-dlp instead to compile only the binary without updating any of the additional files. (The build tools marked with * are not needed for this)

Standalone Py2Exe Builds (Windows)

While we provide the option to build with py2exe (https://www.py2exe.org), it is recommended to build using PyInstaller instead since the py2exe builds cannot contain pycryptodomex/certifi and needs VC++14 on the target computer to run.

If you wish to build it anyway, install Python and py2exe, and then simply run setup.py py2exe

py -m pip install -U py2exe -r requirements.txt
py devscripts/make_lazy_extractors.py
py setup.py py2exe
    
devscripts/update-version.py - Update the version number based on current date.
devscripts/set-variant.py - Set the build variant of the executable.
devscripts/make_changelog.py - Create a markdown changelog using short commit messages and update CONTRIBUTORS file.
devscripts/make_lazy_extractors.py - Create lazy extractors. Running this before building the binaries (any variant) will improve their startup performance. Set the environment variable YTDLP_NO_LAZY_EXTRACTORS=1 if you wish to forcefully disable lazy extractor loading.

Note: See their --help for more info.

Forking the project

If you fork the project on GitHub, you can run your fork's build workflow to automatically build the selected version(s) as artifacts. Alternatively, you can run the release workflow or enable the nightly workflow to create full (pre-)releases.

PLUGINS

Note that all plugins are imported even if not invoked, and that there are no checks performed on plugin code. Use plugins at your own risk and only if you trust the code!

Plugins can be of <type>s extractor or postprocessor. - Extractor plugins do not need to be enabled from the CLI and are automatically invoked when the input URL is suitable for it. - Extractor plugins take priority over builtin extractors. - Postprocessor plugins can be invoked using --use-postprocessor NAME.

Plugins are loaded from the namespace packages yt_dlp_plugins.extractor and yt_dlp_plugins.postprocessor.

In other words, the file structure on the disk looks something like:


yt_dlp_plugins/
extractor/
myplugin.py
postprocessor/
myplugin.py

yt-dlp looks for these yt_dlp_plugins namespace folders in many locations (see below) and loads in plugins from all of them.

See the wiki for some known plugins (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/wiki/Plugins)

Installing Plugins

Plugins can be installed using various methods and locations.

1.
Configuration directories: Plugin packages (containing a yt_dlp_plugins namespace folder) can be dropped into the following standard configuration locations:
User Plugins
${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/yt-dlp/plugins/<package name>/yt_dlp_plugins/ (recommended on Linux/macOS)
${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/yt-dlp-plugins/<package name>/yt_dlp_plugins/
${APPDATA}/yt-dlp/plugins/<package name>/yt_dlp_plugins/ (recommended on Windows)
${APPDATA}/yt-dlp-plugins/<package name>/yt_dlp_plugins/
~/.yt-dlp/plugins/<package name>/yt_dlp_plugins/
~/yt-dlp-plugins/<package name>/yt_dlp_plugins/
System Plugins
/etc/yt-dlp/plugins/<package name>/yt_dlp_plugins/
/etc/yt-dlp-plugins/<package name>/yt_dlp_plugins/
2.
Executable location: Plugin packages can similarly be installed in a yt-dlp-plugins directory under the executable location:
Binary: where <root-dir>/yt-dlp.exe, <root-dir>/yt-dlp-plugins/<package name>/yt_dlp_plugins/
Source: where <root-dir>/yt_dlp/__main__.py, <root-dir>/yt-dlp-plugins/<package name>/yt_dlp_plugins/
3.
pip and other locations in PYTHONPATH
Plugin packages can be installed and managed using pip. See yt-dlp-sample-plugins (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp-sample-plugins) for an example.
Note: plugin files between plugin packages installed with pip must have unique filenames.
Any path in PYTHONPATH is searched in for the yt_dlp_plugins namespace folder.
Note: This does not apply for Pyinstaller/py2exe builds.

.zip, .egg and .whl archives containing a yt_dlp_plugins namespace folder in their root are also supported as plugin packages. * e.g. ${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/yt-dlp/plugins/mypluginpkg.zip where mypluginpkg.zip contains yt_dlp_plugins/<type>/myplugin.py

Run yt-dlp with --verbose to check if the plugin has been loaded.

Developing Plugins

See the yt-dlp-sample-plugins (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp-sample-plugins) repo for a template plugin package and the Plugin Development (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/wiki/Plugin-Development) section of the wiki for a plugin development guide.

All public classes with a name ending in IE/PP are imported from each file for extractors and postprocessors repectively. This respects underscore prefix (e.g. _MyBasePluginIE is private) and __all__. Modules can similarly be excluded by prefixing the module name with an underscore (e.g. _myplugin.py).

To replace an existing extractor with a subclass of one, set the plugin_name class keyword argument (e.g. class MyPluginIE(ABuiltInIE, plugin_name='myplugin') will replace ABuiltInIE with MyPluginIE). Since the extractor replaces the parent, you should exclude the subclass extractor from being imported separately by making it private using one of the methods described above.

If you are a plugin author, add yt-dlp-plugins (https://github.com/topics/yt-dlp-plugins) as a topic to your repository for discoverability.

See the Developer Instructions (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#developer-instructions) on how to write and test an extractor.

EMBEDDING YT-DLP

yt-dlp makes the best effort to be a good command-line program, and thus should be callable from any programming language.

Your program should avoid parsing the normal stdout since they may change in future versions. Instead they should use options such as -J, --print, --progress-template, --exec etc to create console output that you can reliably reproduce and parse.

From a Python program, you can embed yt-dlp in a more powerful fashion, like this:

from yt_dlp import YoutubeDL
URLS = ['https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc']
with YoutubeDL() as ydl:

ydl.download(URLS)

Most likely, you'll want to use various options. For a list of options available, have a look at yt_dlp/YoutubeDL.py.

Tip: If you are porting your code from youtube-dl to yt-dlp, one important point to look out for is that we do not guarantee the return value of YoutubeDL.extract_info to be json serializable, or even be a dictionary. It will be dictionary-like, but if you want to ensure it is a serializable dictionary, pass it through YoutubeDL.sanitize_info as shown in the example below

Embedding examples

Extracting information

import json
import yt_dlp
URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc'
# ℹ️ See help(yt_dlp.YoutubeDL) for a list of available options and public functions
ydl_opts = {}
with yt_dlp.YoutubeDL(ydl_opts) as ydl:

info = ydl.extract_info(URL, download=False)
# ℹ️ ydl.sanitize_info makes the info json-serializable
print(json.dumps(ydl.sanitize_info(info)))

Download using an info-json

import yt_dlp
INFO_FILE = 'path/to/video.info.json'
with yt_dlp.YoutubeDL() as ydl:

error_code = ydl.download_with_info_file(INFO_FILE) print('Some videos failed to download' if error_code
else 'All videos successfully downloaded')

Extract audio

import yt_dlp
URLS = ['https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc']
ydl_opts = {

'format': 'm4a/bestaudio/best',
# ℹ️ See help(yt_dlp.postprocessor) for a list of available Postprocessors and their arguments
'postprocessors': [{ # Extract audio using ffmpeg
'key': 'FFmpegExtractAudio',
'preferredcodec': 'm4a',
}] } with yt_dlp.YoutubeDL(ydl_opts) as ydl:
error_code = ydl.download(URLS)

Filter videos

import yt_dlp
URLS = ['https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc']
def longer_than_a_minute(info, *, incomplete):

"""Download only videos longer than a minute (or with unknown duration)"""
duration = info.get('duration')
if duration and duration < 60:
return 'The video is too short' ydl_opts = {
'match_filter': longer_than_a_minute, } with yt_dlp.YoutubeDL(ydl_opts) as ydl:
error_code = ydl.download(URLS)

Adding logger and progress hook

import yt_dlp
URLS = ['https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc']
class MyLogger:

def debug(self, msg):
# For compatibility with youtube-dl, both debug and info are passed into debug
# You can distinguish them by the prefix '[debug] '
if msg.startswith('[debug] '):
pass
else:
self.info(msg)
def info(self, msg):
pass
def warning(self, msg):
pass
def error(self, msg):
print(msg) # ℹ️ See "progress_hooks" in help(yt_dlp.YoutubeDL) def my_hook(d):
if d['status'] == 'finished':
print('Done downloading, now post-processing ...') ydl_opts = {
'logger': MyLogger(),
'progress_hooks': [my_hook], } with yt_dlp.YoutubeDL(ydl_opts) as ydl:
ydl.download(URLS)

Add a custom PostProcessor

import yt_dlp
URLS = ['https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc']
# ℹ️ See help(yt_dlp.postprocessor.PostProcessor)
class MyCustomPP(yt_dlp.postprocessor.PostProcessor):

def run(self, info):
self.to_screen('Doing stuff')
return [], info with yt_dlp.YoutubeDL() as ydl:
# ℹ️ "when" can take any value in yt_dlp.utils.POSTPROCESS_WHEN
ydl.add_post_processor(MyCustomPP(), when='pre_process')
ydl.download(URLS)

Use a custom format selector

import yt_dlp
URL = ['https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc']
def format_selector(ctx):

""" Select the best video and the best audio that won't result in an mkv.
NOTE: This is just an example and does not handle all cases """
# formats are already sorted worst to best
formats = ctx.get('formats')[::-1]
# acodec='none' means there is no audio
best_video = next(f for f in formats
if f['vcodec'] != 'none' and f['acodec'] == 'none')
# find compatible audio extension
audio_ext = {'mp4': 'm4a', 'webm': 'webm'}[best_video['ext']]
# vcodec='none' means there is no video
best_audio = next(f for f in formats if (
f['acodec'] != 'none' and f['vcodec'] == 'none' and f['ext'] == audio_ext))
# These are the minimum required fields for a merged format
yield {
'format_id': f'{best_video["format_id"]}+{best_audio["format_id"]}',
'ext': best_video['ext'],
'requested_formats': [best_video, best_audio],
# Must be + separated list of protocols
'protocol': f'{best_video["protocol"]}+{best_audio["protocol"]}'
} ydl_opts = {
'format': format_selector, } with yt_dlp.YoutubeDL(ydl_opts) as ydl:
ydl.download(URLS)

NEW FEATURES

Merged with youtube-dl v2021.12.17+ commit/2dd6c6e (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/commit/2dd6c6e) (exceptions (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/21)) and youtube-dlc v2020.11.11-3+ commit/f9401f2 (https://github.com/blackjack4494/yt-dlc/commit/f9401f2a91987068139c5f757b12fc711d4c0cee): You get all the features and patches of youtube-dlc (https://github.com/blackjack4494/yt-dlc) in addition to the latest youtube-dl (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl)
SponsorBlock Integration: You can mark/remove sponsor sections in YouTube videos by utilizing the SponsorBlock (https://sponsor.ajay.app) API
Format Sorting: The default format sorting options have been changed so that higher resolution and better codecs will be now preferred instead of simply using larger bitrate. Furthermore, you can now specify the sort order using -S. This allows for much easier format selection than what is possible by simply using --format (examples)
Merged with animelover1984/youtube-dl: You get most of the features and improvements from animelover1984/youtube-dl (https://github.com/animelover1984/youtube-dl) including --write-comments, BiliBiliSearch, BilibiliChannel, Embedding thumbnail in mp4/ogg/opus, playlist infojson etc. Note that NicoNico livestreams are not available. See #31 (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/31) for details.
YouTube improvements:
Supports Clips, Stories (ytstories:<channel UCID>), Search (including filters)*, YouTube Music Search, Channel-specific search, Search prefixes (ytsearch:, ytsearchdate:)*, Mixes, YouTube Music Albums/Channels (except self-uploaded music (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/723)), and Feeds (:ytfav, :ytwatchlater, :ytsubs, :ythistory, :ytrec, :ytnotif)
Fix for n-sig based throttling (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/29326) *
Supports some (but not all) age-gated content without cookies
Download livestreams from the start using --live-from-start (experimental)
255kbps audio is extracted (if available) from YouTube Music when premium cookies are given
Channel URLs download all uploads of the channel, including shorts and live
Cookies from browser: Cookies can be automatically extracted from all major web browsers using --cookies-from-browser BROWSER[+KEYRING][:PROFILE][::CONTAINER]
Download time range: Videos can be downloaded partially based on either timestamps or chapters using --download-sections
Split video by chapters: Videos can be split into multiple files based on chapters using --split-chapters
Multi-threaded fragment downloads: Download multiple fragments of m3u8/mpd videos in parallel. Use --concurrent-fragments (-N) option to set the number of threads used
Aria2c with HLS/DASH: You can use aria2c as the external downloader for DASH(mpd) and HLS(m3u8) formats
New and fixed extractors: Many new extractors have been added and a lot of existing ones have been fixed. See the changelog or the list of supported sites
New MSOs: Philo, Spectrum, SlingTV, Cablevision, RCN etc.
Subtitle extraction from manifests: Subtitles can be extracted from streaming media manifests. See commit/be6202f (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/be6202f12b97858b9d716e608394b51065d0419f) for details
Multiple paths and output templates: You can give different output templates and download paths for different types of files. You can also set a temporary path where intermediary files are downloaded to using --paths (-P)
Portable Configuration: Configuration files are automatically loaded from the home and root directories. See CONFIGURATION for details
Output template improvements: Output templates can now have date-time formatting, numeric offsets, object traversal etc. See output template for details. Even more advanced operations can also be done with the help of --parse-metadata and --replace-in-metadata
Other new options: Many new options have been added such as --alias, --print, --concat-playlist, --wait-for-video, --retry-sleep, --sleep-requests, --convert-thumbnails, --force-download-archive, --force-overwrites, --break-match-filter etc
Improvements: Regex and other operators in --format/--match-filter, multiple --postprocessor-args and --downloader-args, faster archive checking, more format selection options, merge multi-video/audio, multiple --config-locations, --exec at different stages, etc
Plugins: Extractors and PostProcessors can be loaded from an external file. See plugins for details
Self updater: The releases can be updated using yt-dlp -U, and downgraded using --update-to if required
Nightly builds: Automated nightly builds can be used with --update-to nightly

See changelog or commits (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commits) for the full list of changes

Features marked with a * have been back-ported to youtube-dl

Differences in default behavior

Some of yt-dlp's default options are different from that of youtube-dl and youtube-dlc:

yt-dlp supports only Python 3.7+, and may remove support for more versions as they become EOL (https://devguide.python.org/versions/#python-release-cycle); while youtube-dl still supports Python 2.6+ and 3.2+ (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/30568#issue-1118238743)
The options --auto-number (-A), --title (-t) and --literal (-l), no longer work. See removed options for details
avconv is not supported as an alternative to ffmpeg
yt-dlp stores config files in slightly different locations to youtube-dl. See CONFIGURATION for a list of correct locations
The default output template is %(title)s [%(id)s].%(ext)s. There is no real reason for this change. This was changed before yt-dlp was ever made public and now there are no plans to change it back to %(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s. Instead, you may use --compat-options filename
The default format sorting is different from youtube-dl and prefers higher resolution and better codecs rather than higher bitrates. You can use the --format-sort option to change this to any order you prefer, or use --compat-options format-sort to use youtube-dl's sorting order
The default format selector is bv*+ba/b. This means that if a combined video + audio format that is better than the best video-only format is found, the former will be preferred. Use -f bv+ba/b or --compat-options format-spec to revert this
Unlike youtube-dlc, yt-dlp does not allow merging multiple audio/video streams into one file by default (since this conflicts with the use of -f bv*+ba). If needed, this feature must be enabled using --audio-multistreams and --video-multistreams. You can also use --compat-options multistreams to enable both
--no-abort-on-error is enabled by default. Use --abort-on-error or --compat-options abort-on-error to abort on errors instead
When writing metadata files such as thumbnails, description or infojson, the same information (if available) is also written for playlists. Use --no-write-playlist-metafiles or --compat-options no-playlist-metafiles to not write these files
--add-metadata attaches the infojson to mkv files in addition to writing the metadata when used with --write-info-json. Use --no-embed-info-json or --compat-options no-attach-info-json to revert this
Some metadata are embedded into different fields when using --add-metadata as compared to youtube-dl. Most notably, comment field contains the webpage_url and synopsis contains the description. You can use --parse-metadata to modify this to your liking or use --compat-options embed-metadata to revert this
playlist_index behaves differently when used with options like --playlist-reverse and --playlist-items. See #302 (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/302) for details. You can use --compat-options playlist-index if you want to keep the earlier behavior
The output of -F is listed in a new format. Use --compat-options list-formats to revert this
Live chats (if available) are considered as subtitles. Use --sub-langs all,-live_chat to download all subtitles except live chat. You can also use --compat-options no-live-chat to prevent any live chat/danmaku from downloading
YouTube channel URLs download all uploads of the channel. To download only the videos in a specific tab, pass the tab's URL. If the channel does not show the requested tab, an error will be raised. Also, /live URLs raise an error if there are no live videos instead of silently downloading the entire channel. You may use --compat-options no-youtube-channel-redirect to revert all these redirections
Unavailable videos are also listed for YouTube playlists. Use --compat-options no-youtube-unavailable-videos to remove this
The upload dates extracted from YouTube are in UTC when available (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/89e4d86171c7b7c997c77d4714542e0383bf0db0/yt_dlp/extractor/youtube.py#L3898-L3900). Use --compat-options no-youtube-prefer-utc-upload-date to prefer the non-UTC upload date.
If ffmpeg is used as the downloader, the downloading and merging of formats happen in a single step when possible. Use --compat-options no-direct-merge to revert this
Thumbnail embedding in mp4 is done with mutagen if possible. Use --compat-options embed-thumbnail-atomicparsley to force the use of AtomicParsley instead
Some private fields such as filenames are removed by default from the infojson. Use --no-clean-infojson or --compat-options no-clean-infojson to revert this
When --embed-subs and --write-subs are used together, the subtitles are written to disk and also embedded in the media file. You can use just --embed-subs to embed the subs and automatically delete the separate file. See #630 (comment) (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/630#issuecomment-893659460) for more info. --compat-options no-keep-subs can be used to revert this
certifi will be used for SSL root certificates, if installed. If you want to use system certificates (e.g. self-signed), use --compat-options no-certifi
yt-dlp's sanitization of invalid characters in filenames is different/smarter than in youtube-dl. You can use --compat-options filename-sanitization to revert to youtube-dl's behavior
yt-dlp tries to parse the external downloader outputs into the standard progress output if possible (Currently implemented: [STRIKEOUT:aria2c] (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/5931)). You can use --compat-options no-external-downloader-progress to get the downloader output as-is

For ease of use, a few more compat options are available:

--compat-options all: Use all compat options (Do NOT use)
--compat-options youtube-dl: Same as --compat-options all,-multistreams
--compat-options youtube-dlc: Same as --compat-options all,-no-live-chat,-no-youtube-channel-redirect
--compat-options 2021: Same as --compat-options 2022,no-certifi,filename-sanitization,no-youtube-prefer-utc-upload-date
--compat-options 2022: Same as --compat-options no-external-downloader-progress. Use this to enable all future compat options

DEPRECATED OPTIONS

These are all the deprecated options and the current alternative to achieve the same effect

Almost redundant options

While these options are almost the same as their new counterparts, there are some differences that prevents them being redundant

-j, --dump-json                  --print "%()j"
-F, --list-formats               --print formats_table
--list-thumbnails                --print thumbnails_table --print playlist:thumbnails_table
--list-subs                      --print automatic_captions_table --print subtitles_table
    

Redundant options

While these options are redundant, they are still expected to be used due to their ease of use

--get-description                --print description
--get-duration                   --print duration_string
--get-filename                   --print filename
--get-format                     --print format
--get-id                         --print id
--get-thumbnail                  --print thumbnail
-e, --get-title                  --print title
-g, --get-url                    --print urls
--match-title REGEX              --match-filter "title ~= (?i)REGEX"
--reject-title REGEX             --match-filter "title !~= (?i)REGEX"
--min-views COUNT                --match-filter "view_count >=? COUNT"
--max-views COUNT                --match-filter "view_count <=? COUNT"
--break-on-reject                Use --break-match-filter
--user-agent UA                  --add-header "User-Agent:UA"
--referer URL                    --add-header "Referer:URL"
--playlist-start NUMBER          -I NUMBER:
--playlist-end NUMBER            -I :NUMBER
--playlist-reverse               -I ::-1
--no-playlist-reverse            Default
    

While these options still work, their use is not recommended since there are other alternatives to achieve the same

--force-generic-extractor        --ies generic,default
--exec-before-download CMD       --exec "before_dl:CMD"
--no-exec-before-download        --no-exec
--all-formats                    -f all
--all-subs                       --sub-langs all --write-subs
--print-json                     -j --no-simulate
--autonumber-size NUMBER         Use string formatting, e.g. %(autonumber)03d
--autonumber-start NUMBER        Use internal field formatting like %(autonumber+NUMBER)s
--id                             -o "%(id)s.%(ext)s"
--metadata-from-title FORMAT     --parse-metadata "%(title)s:FORMAT"
--hls-prefer-native              --downloader "m3u8:native"
--hls-prefer-ffmpeg              --downloader "m3u8:ffmpeg"
--list-formats-old               --compat-options list-formats (Alias: --no-list-formats-as-table)
--list-formats-as-table          --compat-options -list-formats [Default] (Alias: --no-list-formats-old)
--youtube-skip-dash-manifest     --extractor-args "youtube:skip=dash" (Alias: --no-youtube-include-dash-manifest)
--youtube-skip-hls-manifest      --extractor-args "youtube:skip=hls" (Alias: --no-youtube-include-hls-manifest)
--youtube-include-dash-manifest  Default (Alias: --no-youtube-skip-dash-manifest)
--youtube-include-hls-manifest   Default (Alias: --no-youtube-skip-hls-manifest)
    

Developer options

These options are not intended to be used by the end-user

--test                           Download only part of video for testing extractors
--load-pages                     Load pages dumped by --write-pages
--youtube-print-sig-code         For testing youtube signatures
--allow-unplayable-formats       List unplayable formats also
--no-allow-unplayable-formats    Default
    

Old aliases

These are aliases that are no longer documented for various reasons

--avconv-location                --ffmpeg-location
--clean-infojson                 --clean-info-json
--cn-verification-proxy URL      --geo-verification-proxy URL
--dump-headers                   --print-traffic
--dump-intermediate-pages        --dump-pages
--force-write-download-archive   --force-write-archive
--load-info                      --load-info-json
--no-clean-infojson              --no-clean-info-json
--no-split-tracks                --no-split-chapters
--no-write-srt                   --no-write-subs
--prefer-unsecure                --prefer-insecure
--rate-limit RATE                --limit-rate RATE
--split-tracks                   --split-chapters
--srt-lang LANGS                 --sub-langs LANGS
--trim-file-names LENGTH         --trim-filenames LENGTH
--write-srt                      --write-subs
--yes-overwrites                 --force-overwrites
    

Sponskrub Options

Support for SponSkrub (https://github.com/faissaloo/SponSkrub) has been deprecated in favor of the --sponsorblock options

--sponskrub                      --sponsorblock-mark all
--no-sponskrub                   --no-sponsorblock
--sponskrub-cut                  --sponsorblock-remove all
--no-sponskrub-cut               --sponsorblock-remove -all
--sponskrub-force                Not applicable
--no-sponskrub-force             Not applicable
--sponskrub-location             Not applicable
--sponskrub-args                 Not applicable
    

No longer supported

These options may no longer work as intended

--prefer-avconv                  avconv is not officially supported by yt-dlp (Alias: --no-prefer-ffmpeg)
--prefer-ffmpeg                  Default (Alias: --no-prefer-avconv)
-C, --call-home                  Not implemented
--no-call-home                   Default
--include-ads                    No longer supported
--no-include-ads                 Default
--write-annotations              No supported site has annotations now
--no-write-annotations           Default
--compat-options seperate-video-versions  No longer needed
    

Removed

These options were deprecated since 2014 and have now been entirely removed

-A, --auto-number                -o "%(autonumber)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s"
-t, -l, --title, --literal       -o "%(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s"
    

CONTRIBUTING

See CONTRIBUTING.md for instructions on Opening an Issue and Contributing code to the project

WIKI

See the Wiki (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/wiki) for more information